Contextual Background

The statues were uncovered during an archaeological excavation led by experts from the University of Valencia in collaboration with the Pompeii archaeological site. The focus of their work has been on the necropolis of Porta Sarno, historically significant as a burial site located outside the city walls.

This necropolis, first identified during railway construction in the 1990s, has revealed over 50 cremation burials since research began there in 1998. The current excavation project, “Investigating the Archaeology of Death in Pompeii,” commenced in July 2024.

Significance of the Discovery

According to the research team, the statues provide an unprecedented glimpse into the life and religious practices in Pompeii. These figures, covered in pumice stone at the time of their discovery, indicate that the area was subject to earthquake activity prior to the catastrophic volcanic eruption.

Details of the Statues

The couple represented in the statues appears affluent and possibly married, showcasing intricate details that highlight the craftsmanship of the era. The care in the carving of their accessories, including rings and garments, is particularly notable:

• The woman’s attire features accessories linked to her potential role as a priestess of Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture and fertility.
• The man is depicted in a toga, a common indicator of Roman citizenship.
• Both figures wear rings, suggesting they may be wedding bands.

Such representations of priestesses in southern Italy are rare, especially those depicted with religious items such as the laurel leaves seen in this sculpture.

Additional Artifacts

Alongside the statues, other significant artifacts were discovered, including:

• Ointment jars, likely used for perfumed oil.
• A broken mirror.
• A coin featuring Neptune, the god of the sea, indicative of the spiritual and economic life in Pompeii.

Conclusion and Future Exhibitions

These statues, which may date back to the late Republican period (133 to 31 B.C.), will undergo restoration and eventually be included in an exhibition focusing on the role of women in ancient Pompeii. Set to open on April 16, the restoration process will be visible to the public, enhancing community engagement with this significant piece of history.

Recent excavations have also unearthed other fascinating findings, such as murals featuring Dionysus and a private bathhouse, suggesting a wealth of uncoveries still await exploration in this ancient city.